Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition that primarily affects the skin, causing red, inflamed patches covered with silvery scales. It is not contagious, but it can significantly impact a person’s physical comfort and emotional well-being. Psoriasis occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy skin cells, accelerating the skin cell production cycle. Instead of renewing every few weeks, skin cells build up within days, leading to visible plaques.

There are several types of psoriasis, with plaque psoriasis being the most common. Other forms include guttate, inverse, pustular, and erythrodermic psoriasis, each with distinct symptoms and severity. Psoriasis can appear anywhere on the body but is most often found on the scalp, elbows, knees, and lower back. Symptoms may range from mild itching and dryness to painful cracks and bleeding in severe cases.

While the exact cause of psoriasis is unknown, genetics and environmental factors play a key role. Common triggers include stress, infections, cold weather, skin injuries, smoking, and certain medications. Many people experience flare-ups followed by periods of remission, making the condition unpredictable.